考研英语复习从始至终都扮演着非常重要的角色,打好英语基础的关键是词汇和语法,而这两项正是可以通过长难句进行检验的。
By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy.
一、断句:寻标志、断长句;
拿到一个长句子首先需要断句,因为英语一翻译有一个明显的评分原则:踩点给分,想要踩对得分点,得需要先把句子断开;上述句子为例,其句子中有明显的标点符号,所以我们可以先以标点符号为切入点进行断句,刚好断成前后两部分长度适中的断句,这样就可以去理解了;
(46)①By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, //②and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy.
二、理解:按照语法规则理解句子含义
另外需要注意的是在理解句子时,需要对句子结构进行分析,这样理解的句子才能更加标准;对于断开的①部分,其中有一个时间状语By the date of his birth,句子的主语为Europe ,谓语是 was witnessing,宾语是the passing of the religious drama,分析②部分,发现有一个and ,此为并列连词,应该连接前后两个结构相似的结构;所以推出来the creation of new form和the passing of the religious drama是并列成分,共同做宾语,后边还有一个 under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy介词短语,此介词短语位于名词后边,所以应该是做定语,用来修饰限定名词 new forms。
三、组成完整句子
在第二步的基础之上,接下来以语法分析为基础,组成语义完整的汉语句子;
译文:到他出生的时候,欧洲正在见证着宗教戏剧的消亡,以及在古典悲剧和喜剧的影响下新的戏剧形式的产生。