一、完全倒装
1.表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语位于句首，主语是名词，符合上述两个条件，主语和谓语可完全倒装。标志词为：here, there, up, down, in, out, away, off, then, on the hill, in the river等。倒装结构：“主语+谓语”变为“谓语+主语”，成分形式没有变化，句子内容不增不减。
【例句】
The soccer fans rushed out.
=Out rushed the soccer fans.
球迷们冲了出去。
2.such位于句首时，主谓完全倒装。
【例句】Such was Norman Bethune, a noble person, a pure person, a moral person, and a vulgar person.这就是白求恩，一个高尚的人，一个纯粹的人，一个有道德的人，一个脱离了低级趣味的人。
二、部分倒装
部分倒装指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前，而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装，二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况，倒装是必需的，否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况，倒装是选择性的，倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。倒装句是最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调。
1.Only引导的倒装句
Only+状语+特定的动词+主+谓
特定的动词包括：
助动词：do, does, did, have, has, had
情态动词：can, could, shall, should, will
be动词：am, is, are, was, were
【例句】
Because you gave someone a ring, I stumbled.
=Only because you gave someone a ring did I stumble.
因为你打了个电话，所以我绊倒了。
2.否定词提前至句首主谓部分倒装
结构：否定副词+特定动词+主语+谓语
1)否定副词
常用否定副词：not, no, never, neither
特殊否定副词：seldom, few, little, barely, hardly, scarcely, rarely, in vain
2)特定动词
助动词，情态动词，be动词
①No sooner…than, scarcely/hardly…when表示否定意义的词位于句首时常用部分倒装
【例句】
When I saw you for the first time, I fell in love deeply with you.
=No sooner had I seen you for the first time than I fell in love deeply with you.
=Hardly had I seen you for the first time when I fell in love deeply with you.
当我看见你的时候，就深深地爱上了你。
②Not only+特定动词+主语+谓语，but also+主语+谓语
【例句】
Internet has changed our living habit, and enhanced the efficiency of the government.
=Not only has Internet changed our living habit, but also enhanced the efficiency of the government.
网络不仅改变了我们的生活习惯也提高了政府的工作效率。
3.so…that结构倒装句：so为副词，副词修饰动词、形容词以及副词本身。因此有两种形式的so…that倒装
1)主语+ be+ so+表语(形容词)+that+从句(结果状语从句)
变倒装：so+表语(形容词)+be+主语+that+从句(结果状语从句)
【例句】
The food price is so high that we cannot afford any more.
=So high is the food price that we cannot afford any more.
菜价如此之高，我们都承受不起。
2)主语+谓语+so+副词(状语)+that+从句(结果状语从句)
变倒装：so+副词(状语)+特定动词(助动词或情态动词)+主语+谓语+that+从句(结果状语从句)
